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Predicting Reading Problems at Kindergarten for Children in Second Grade: SEARCH as a Screen

Delmont Morrison, PhD, is Child-clinical psychologist and clinical professor, Department of Pyschiatry, University of California, San Francisco. He is currently conducting longitudinal research on atrisk factors in infants and preschool children. Address: Delmont Morrison, University of California, San Francisco, Langley Porter Pscyiatric Institute, Box CAS-0984, 401 Parnassus AVe., San Francisco, CA 94143.

Panayota Mantzicopoulos

Panayota Mantzicopoulos, PhD, is a lecturer in the Division of Educational Psychology, School of Education, University of California, Berkely. She is current investigating the effectiveness of kindergarten retention and ways of coping with school failure.

In this study, 668 kindergarten children were screened and followed through second grade to compare the 2-year predictive validity of SEARCH (a test designed to assess delays in the acquisition of spatial and temporal information) with the predictive validity of academic achievement tests as screens for identifying children at-risk for developing reading problems. Six different cutoff scores on SEARCH were used to establish risk status, and reading scores at or below the 30th percentile were used to establish both at-risk status and inadequate reading at second grade. The use of SEARCH scores indicating major risk resulted in false negative error rates in the 52% to 69% range and false positive error rates in the 56% to 70% range. The use of academic tests to predict reading problems resulted in error rates of 65% for false negative and 62 % for false positive. The results are discussed in the context of issues in measuring perceptual and cognitive performance in an age range where normal and deviant variation are difficult to assess except in extreme cases.

Remedial and Special Education, Vol. 11, No. 4, 29-36 (1990)
DOI: 10.1177/074193259001100407


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